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REUBEN  GOLD  THWAITES 


Reuben  Gold  Thwaites 
&  JWemortal  gfobreftS 

By  Frederick  Jackson  Turner 


Madison 

State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin 

1914 


Copyright,  1Q14 

BY 

State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin 


Zty  Haktsf&r  }3rrsg 

R.  R.  DONNELLEY  &  SONS  COMPANY 
CHICAGO 


PREFACE 

EXERCISES  commemorative  of 
the  services  of  Reuben  Gold 
Thwaites  were  held  in  the  Assem- 
bly Chamber  in  Madison  on  December 
19,  191 3,  the  Governor  of  Wisconsin, 
Francis  E.  McGovern  presiding,  and 
Frederick  Jackson  Turner  delivering  the 
address  that  is  printed  in  this  volume. 
The  bibliography  that  accompanies  the 
address  has  been  prepared  under  the 
direction  of  the  Committee  of  Curators 
having  the  memorial  exercises  in  its 
charge:  E.  Ray  Stevens,  chairman, 
Carl  Russell  Fish,  William  A.  P.  Mor- 
ris, Dana  C.  Munro,  Robert  E.  Sie- 
becker,  and  Frederic  L.  Paxson,  sec- 
retary. 


CONTENTS 

Page 

Preface        5 

Reuben  Gold  Thwaites,  by  Fred- 
erick Jackson  Turner      ...      13 

Bibliography  of  the  Writings  of 
Reuben  Gold  Thwaites   ...     63 


ILLUSTRATIONS 

Page 

Reuben    Gold   Thwaites, 

jet.  55 Frontispiece 

The  Corn  Planter  Medal,  Award- 
ed by  the  Cayuga  Historical 
Society 52 


A  MEMORIAL  ADDRESS 


REUBEN   GOLD   THWAITES 
&  JWemorial  Sfobresa 

By  Frederick  Jackson  Turner 

ON  October  22,  1913,  the  day 
before  the  annual  meeting  of 
the  State  Historical  Society 
of  Wisconsin,  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites, 
its  Superintendent,  who  for  twenty- 
seven  years  had  guided  its  activities, 
passed  from  our  midst. 

So  abundant  was  his  vitality,  so 
buoyant  his  energy,  so  great,  so  endur- 
ing were  his  contributions  to  history, 
and  so  deep  in  our  affections  had  he 
fixed  himself,  that  it  is  almost  impossi- 
ble to  believe  that  we  shall  see  him  no 
more,  no  more  rely  upon  his  strong  and 
gentle  hand  to  guide  the  destinies  of 
this  Society,  no  more  rejoice  in  the 
companionship  of  one  of  the  most 
lovable  spirits  of  our  time.  The  heart 
aches  at  the  loss.     But  he  died  in  the 

[13] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

fullness  of  his  powers:  for  him  there 
was  no  long  decay,  no  saddened  realiza- 
tion of  failing  strength  or  dimming 
spirit  for  the  work  with  which  he  was 
intrusted. 

"With  a  cheery   smile   and   wave  of 
the  hand, 
He  has  wandered  into  an  unknown 
land." 

Aptly  quoted  by  the  editor  of  Public 
Libraries  in  a  notice  of  Dr.  Thwaites's 
death. 

He  had  already  paid  in  full  the  obli- 
gations of  the  scholar  and  the  ad- 
ministrator. He  did  a  man's  work, 
and  left  an  indelible  impress  not  only 
on  this  Historical  Society  and  the 
State  of  Wisconsin,  but  upon  the 
historical  activities  of  the  nation. 
Even  the  briefest  record  of  his  life 
tells  a  story  so  rich  in  achievement, 
usefulness,  and  service  that  it  is  an 
inspiration. 

[14] 


A  Memorial  Address 

He  was  born  in  Dorchester,  Mas- 
sachusetts, May  15,  1853,  the  son  of 
William  George  and  Sarah  Bibbs 
Thwaites,  natives  of  Yorkshire,  Eng- 
land, who  had  come  to  Massachusetts 
three  years  before.  His  early  school- 
ing was  at  Dorchester,  and  in  the  fall 
of  1866  he  came  to  Oshkosh,  Wiscon- 
sin, where  for  six  years  he  worked  on 
the  farm,  taught  school,  and  prepared 
himself  in  the  studies  usually  pursued 
in  the  colleges  of  that  period.  Only  a 
boy  of  unusual  ability,  initiative,  and 
ambition  could  have  carried  out  such 
a  program.  By  1872  he  was  on  the 
staff  of  the  Oshkosh  Times,  for  which 
he  reported  the  Democratic  presi- 
dential convention  in  Baltimore  that 
year.  In  1874-75  he  was  a  special 
student  in  Yale  College,  taking  gradu- 
ate courses  in  English  Literature, 
Economic  History,  and  International 
Law.     Among     his     instructors     was 

[15] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

William  Graham  Sumner,  eminent  in 
the  field  of  economic  history,  historical 
biography,  and  sociology,  who  doubt- 
less influenced  this  young  student  as  he 
did  so  many  others.  While  pursuing 
these  studies  young  Thwaites  sup- 
ported himself  in  part  by  newspaper 
correspondence.  Returning  to  Wis- 
consin, he  removed  to  Madison  and 
became,  in  1876,  managing  editor  of 
the  Wisconsin  State  Journal,  a  leading 
organ  of  the  Republican  party  under 
the  editorship  of  David  Atwood.  For 
a  time  he  also  supplied  a  chain  of 
prominent  eastern  newspapers  with 
Wisconsin  news. 

The  necessary  emphasis  upon  haste 
in  a  daily  newspaper,  often  harmful 
to  a  writer,  does  not  seem  to  have  left 
its  scars  upon  Mr.  Thwaites.  Rather 
his  conscientiousness,  his  natural  ac- 
curacy combined  with  facility,  and  his 
efficiency  in  the  organization  of  work, 

f  16I 


A  Memorial  Address 

turned  this  experience  to  his  advantage. 
He  learned  how  to  think  quickly  and  to 
act,  how  to  condense,  to  select  the 
essential,  to  watch  with  discriminating 
eye  the  play  of  the  political  forces 
about  him,  to  study  human  nature 
intimately,  and  to  report  what  he  saw. 
As  reporter  of  legislative  proceedings 
and  political  conventions  he  acquired 
a  wide  acquaintance  with  the  public 
men  and  journalists  of  the  state  which 
afterwards  served  him  well  in  his  task 
of  popularizing  the  work  of  the  Society 
and  of  securing  legislative  aid  for  its 
development.  Moreover,  he  trained 
himself  in  the  technique  and  art  of 
typography,  proof-reading,  and  print- 
ing, by  actual  contact  with  these 
phases  of  the  printing  office.  He  be- 
came an  expert  in  the  material  making 
of  a  book,  as  the  works  which  he  after- 
wards edited  amply  illustrate. 

During   this    decade    in   which    Mr. 

[17] 


Re ub en  Gold  Thwaites 

Thwaites  found  in  newspaper  work  the 
outlet  for  his  energy,  he  by  no  means 
lost  the  scholar's  fondness  for  books 
nor  the  literary  taste  which  had  been 
his  from  his  early  youth.  Even  while  a 
newspaper  reporter  in  Oshkosh  he  had 
shown  historical  interests,  and  as  early 
as  1876  he  published  a  sketch  of  the 
Indian  Chief,  Oshkosh,  followed  the 
next  year  by  a  history  of  Winnebago 
County,  Wisconsin.  He  was  one  of 
the  early  members  of  the  Madison 
Literary  Club.  His  visits  to  the  State 
Capitol,  where  the  Historical  Library 
was  housed,  often  brought  him  into 
touch  with  Dr.  Lyman  C.  Draper,  that 
devoted  man  who  watched  like  a 
father  over  the  growth  of  the  organiza- 
tion that  he  loved.  Naturally  shy  and 
retiring,  Draper  could  be  bold  and 
insistent  for  the  Society,  and  it  is  one 
of  the  tributes  to  his  insight  that  he 
recognized  in  this  young  editor  a  man 

[18] 


A  Memorial  Address 

of  exceptional  promise  in  the  field  of 
history  and  administration. 

So  it  happened  that  the  veteran, 
anxious  to  complete  the  books  for 
which  he  had  been  collecting  material 
during  his  long  life,  picked  out  this 
young  man  of  thirty-one  as  the  man  to 
train  as  his  successor.  In  1885  Mr. 
Thwaites  began  the  work  of  Assistant 
Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  Society, 
and  on  January  6,  1887,  Dr.  Draper 
wrote  his  letter  of  resignation  closing 
with  these  words:  "It  is  no  small 
gratification  to  me  to  feel  assured  that 
the  laboring  oar  of  the  Society's  success 
will  fall  into  hands  so  competent  by  his 
culture,  his  tastes,  his  industry,  and 
his  habits  as  the  gentleman  you  have 
approved,  and  whom  you  will,  I  doubt 
not,  choose  as  my  successor.  I  ear- 
nestly entreat  for  him  your  confidence 
and  encouragement,  and  devoutly 
pray  the  Good   Father  to   spare   him 

[19] 


Reuben  Gold  T hw aites 

many  years,  that  he  may  honor  him- 
self by  faithful  and  successful  labors 
for  the  Society."  With  this  "benedic- 
tion" from  his  predecessor  Reuben 
Gold  Thwaites  began  the  great  work 
of  his  life  as  the  responsible  executive 
officer  of  the  State  Historical  Society 
of  Wisconsin.  Dr.  Draper  died  four 
years  later  at  the  age  of  seventy-six, 
leaving  to  the  Society  the  splendid 
results  of  his  lifetime  of  collecting. 
He  had  done  all  that  he  could  have 
done  for  this  Society.  It  was  a  work 
of  self-sacrificing  devotion,  the  chop- 
ping of  an  historical  clearing  in  the 
frontier  state;  it  was  more  than  that: 
his  work  had  caused  the  Society  to  be 
recognized  at  home  and  abroad  as  the 
strongest  in  the  West,  and  the  Library 
had  already  become  a  noted  one.  But 
the  times  demanded  a  new  man  and 
new  methods. 

In    1884,    after    the    failure    of    Dr. 

[20I 


A  Memorial  Address 

Draper  to  secure  an  appropriation  of 
fifty  thousand  dollars  for  an  indepen- 
dent building,  the  Society  had  moved 
into  new  quarters  in  the  recently  con- 
structed South  Wing  of  the  Capitol. 
Disappointed,  Dr.  Draper  had  urged 
that  the  Society  should  seek  private 
endowments  in  order  that  it  might  no 
longer  be,  as  he  said,  "dependent 
upon  or  hampered  by  any  alliance  with 
the  State,"  and  in  his  final  report  in 
1887  he  declared:  "We  need  a  large 
general  fund,  so  as  to  cease  being  a 
pauper  on  the  State  treasury." 

It  was  at  just  about  this  time  that 
the  new  tendencies  appeared  which 
finally  brought  fame  to  Wisconsin  for 
its  generosity  and  wisdom  in  supporting 
public  institutions  designed  to  lift  the 
State  to  higher  levels  in  all  directions, 
intellectual  as  well  as  material.  Not 
to  have  realized  this  opportunity  can 
hardly  be  made  a  matter  of  reproach 

[21] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

to  Dr.  Draper.  It  needed  a  younger 
man,  with  sympathy  and  insight  into 
the  great  popular  forces  that  were 
forming  in  those  days,  to  perceive  and 
take  advantage  of  this  ground  swell. 
Even  Mr.  Thwaites  for  a  few  years 
adhered  to  the  ideal  of  a  Society  based 
chiefly  upon  independent  endowments, 
but  he  soon  came  to  see  that  the  glory 
and  the  greatest  opportunity  of  the 
Society  lay  in  its  position  as  trustee 
of  the  State  of  Wisconsin  for  the  pro- 
motion of  historical  studies.  There- 
after he  labored  with  the  greatest 
effectiveness  to  make  the  Society 
worthy  of  its  position  as  a  State  in- 
stitution, freed  from  spoils  and  political 
jobbery  by  being  intrusted  to  a  body 
of  men  devoted  to  the  purpose  for 
which  it  was  founded,  but  nourished 
by  the  State  and  merging  its  fortunes 
with  the  fortunes  of  the  State. 

In  his  first  report  Secretary  Thwaites 

[22] 


A  Memorial  Address 

struck  the  keynote  of  his  later  work. 
The  Society  must  be  modernized,  its 
Library  must  be  given  more  ample 
room,  for,  as  he  declared,  it  would  pass 
beyond  the  limits  of  its  space  within 
fifteen  years.  He  noted  also  the  in- 
creased State  appropriations  for  issuing 
bibliographical  lists  of  its  treasures; 
the  beginning  of  systematic  card  cata- 
loguing by  the  most  modern  methods 
in  place  of  the  outworn  system  of 
successive  catalogue  volumes;  and  the 
separation  of  the  Collections  and  the 
Proceedings,  reserving  the  former  for 
historical  material,  and  the  latter  for 
the  Society's  records  and  historical 
essays.  This  was  a  significant  step, 
emphasizing  the  distinction  between 
source  material  and  the  secondary  use 
of  it,  but  recognizing  both  as  legitimate 
activities  of  the  Society.  The  distinc- 
tion was  more  sharply  drawn  as  suc- 
cessive issues  appeared. 

Significant   also   was    the   fact   that 

[23] 


Reuben  Gold   T hw aite s 

in  his  first  report  Secretary  Thwaites, 
so  to  speak,  discovered  the  State 
University.  He  reported  that  the 
students  formed  the  majority  of  the 
Society's  readers.  Before  many  years 
his  statistics  of  attendance  revealed 
the  fact  that  they  constituted  ninety 
per  cent  of  these  readers,  and  that 
the  reading  room  was  inadequate  to 
hold  them.  From  the  first  he  offered 
new  facilities  and  greater  freedom  for 
their  work.  He  opened  a  seminary 
room  to  the  advanced  students  in 
American  history,  with  full  access  to  the 
stacks  —  an  unheard  of  liberality  among 
non-university  libraries  at  that  time. 

Perhaps  I  may  be  pardoned  for 
here  recording  my  own  deep  gratitude 
for  this  hospitality  of  Secretary 
Thwaites  to  the  young  instructor  who 
led  his  little  band  of  investigators  to 
this  seminary  among  the  Library's  col- 
lections ;  to  him  and  to  them  it  was  the 

[24] 


A  Memorial  Address 

opening  of  a  new  life.  From  that  be- 
ginning these  students  and  their  suc- 
cessors have  sown  Wisconsin's  seed 
in  universities  throughout  the  Union 
—  all  of  them  bearing  in  their  hearts 
affectionate  remembrance  of  the  open 
policy  and  helpful  hospitality  of  this 
Society  and  of  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites, 
the  scholar  who  so  generously  welcomed 
young  men  to  the  career  of  scholars. 

Through  the  mass  of  University 
readers  the  Society  was  extending  the 
influence  to  the  whole  State.  It  be- 
came more  than  a  local  center,  for  it 
made  itself  useful  to  what  were,  in 
effect,  delegates  from  every  county  in 
the  Commonwealth.  As  these  young 
men  returned  to  their  homes  and  as 
they  came  to  take  part  in  the  public 
life  of  the  State  they  spread  their  ap- 
preciation of  the  services  of  the 
Society.  From  this  friendly  but  en- 
tirely independent  relationship  of  Soci- 

[25] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

ety  and  University  were  to  come  ad- 
vantages not  at  first  foreseen,  and  a 
continually  closer  relationship  of  the 
Society  to  the  State. 

Nor  was  it  the  University  students 
only  to  whom  Mr.  Thwaites  extended 
his  helping  hand.  In  one  of  his  early 
reports  he  noted  the  increasing  interest 
in  American  history  among  the  school- 
teachers of  the  State,  and  their  at- 
tention to  local  history,  in  which  he 
always  had  a  keen  interest.  The 
pioneer  era  was  passing  away,  and  the 
memory  of  the  pioneers  and  the  history 
of  the  communities  of  the  State  would 
have  to  be  confided  to  the  coming 
generation.  The  Secretary  welcomed 
the  demands  upon  the  Society  for  the 
volumes  of  its  Collections  by  these 
schools  and  proposed  the  republication 
of  the  first  ten  volumes,  embracing 
the  period  of  Draper's  secretaryship, 
for    the     first    edition     was     already 

[26] 


A  Memorial  Address 

insufficient    to    meet    these    new    de- 
mands. 

Year  after  year  as  this  response  to 
popular  interest  grew,  year  after  year 
as  he  stimulated  and  gave  intelligent 
direction  to  this  interest,  he  reported 
increasing  evidences  of  friendly  rela- 
tions with  the  State  government, 
until  the  movement  culminated  in  the 
erection  of  the  noble  building  which 
since  1901  has  housed  this  Society  and 
the  Library  of  the  University  of  Wis- 
consin. In  preparing  the  Society  to 
accept  this  solution,  in  his  study  of 
other  libraries  and  the  incorporation 
of  what  was  best  into  the  interior 
architecture  of  the  new  building,  and 
in  the  freedom  and  yet  efficiency  of  his 
management  of  the  Society's  Library 
and  the  building,  Dr.  Thwaites  con- 
tributed more  effectively  than  has 
perhaps  ever  been  clearly  recognized 
to   the   creation   of   one   of  America's 

[27] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

greatest  historical  workshops,  a  work- 
shop that  is  at  the  same  time  a  monu- 
ment of  American  architecture. 

Of  the  yearly  work  of  Dr.  Thwaites 
for  the  Society  it  is  impossible  to  speak 
in  detail.  Under  his  hands  the  pub- 
lished historical  material  became  more 
systematic  and  complete.  Knowing 
the  archives  in  Europe  as  well  as  in 
America,  he  drew  upon  the  stores  of 
Canada,  of  Paris,  and  of  London,  to 
illustrate  the  French  period  of  Wis- 
consin's history.  -His  persuasive  in- 
sistence brought  into  the  Library  the 
materials  for  the  foundations  of  Wis- 
consin's history  from  the  old  fur  trad- 
ing regions  of  Fox  River  and  Green 
Bay,  Wisconsin  River  and  Prairie  du 
Chien,  and  the  Mackinac  center  of 
that  trade.  He  secured  and  published 
a  mass  of  material  on  the  Protestant 
missionaries  to  Wisconsin,  on  the  early 
schools,     the    beginnings    of    mining, 

[28] 


A  Memorial  Address 

lumbering,  and  other  early  industries 
of  the  State,  and  on  the  foreign  groups 
which  transformed  the  Wisconsin  of 
the  Frenchman,  the  Southerner,  the 
New  Englander,  and  the  New  Yorker 
into  the  Wisconsin  of  to-day.  Papers 
of  political  leaders,  bankers,  and  pro- 
fessional men  of  all  kinds  came  in- 
creasingly into  the  Society's  possession. 
Its  interests  were  broadened  and 
deepened  in  all  directions.  Gaps  in  its 
Library  were  filled  so  that  it  became 
representative  of  all  the  great  interests 
of  American  history  in  general  and  the 
Middle  West  in  particular.  The  news- 
paper collections  were  systematized 
and  opened  into  new  fields.  In  con- 
cert with  University  professors  he 
welcomed  to  the  Library  its  great  col- 
lection of  labor  literature.  To  the 
pamphlet  collections  he  added  data 
exhibiting  the  activities  of  political 
parties,  church   organizations,   and    all 

[29] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

the  homely  varied  social  activities  that 
too  often  escape  the  notice  of  historical 
societies.  His  doctrine  that  the  rub- 
bish of  one  generation  may  become 
the  indispensable  means  of  under- 
standing its  civilization  by  a  later 
generation  led  him  to  a  catholicity  of 
view  the  importance  of  which  the 
future  will  attest. 

He  visited  remaining  Wisconsin 
Indian  tribes  in  their  old  homes,  inter- 
viewed their  chiefs,  and  incidentally 
was  obliged  to  be  host  in  his  turn  to 
delegation  after  delegation  of  these 
Indians,  who,  so  to  speak,  camped  out 
in  the  Societv's  rooms  and  claimed  and 
received  his  personal  largesse  of  board 
and  small  coin  for  days  at  a  time.  At 
his  summer  home  in  Turvillwood  the 
gypsy  Winnebago,  up  to  a  few  years 
ago,  still  made  annual  hunting  camps, 
and  here  he  often  talked  with  them. 
Thus  he  touched  hands  with  the  men  of 

[30] 


A  Memorial  Address 

the  Stone  Age,  fraternized  with  the 
survivors  of  the  fur  trade,  with  the 
pioneers,  the  politicians,  and  the 
journalists  of  the  day,  with  the  men  of 
affairs  and  the  scholars. 

He  issued  circulars  of  instruction  on 
the  mode  of  organizing  local  historical 
societies,  collecting  materials,  and  build- 
ing up  historical  museums.  He  gave  his 
hearty  encouragement  and  co-operation 
to  the  modernizing  of  the  museum  into 
a  valuable  educational  agency  of  the 
State.  He  prepared  syllabuses  of  Wis- 
consin history  for  study  clubs  and 
schools,  and  lectured  to  communities 
all  over  the  State.  Now  helping  in 
person  to  form  a  local  historical  society, 
now  giving  an  address  at  the  dedication 
of  some  monument  or  the  marking  of 
some  trail,  and  illuminating  the  annals 
of  the  locality  by  his  own  acquaintance 
with  its  antiquities  and  by  his  wider 
knowledge  of  the  history  of  the  State 

[31] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

of  which  its  own  history  was  a  frag- 
ment, he  strengthened  in  the  localities 
the  historic  sense,  and  in  the  genuine 
Wisconsin  spirit  he  made  the  Society's 
activity  co-extensive  with  the  State. 
Quoting  with  approval  Woodrow  Wil- 
son's remark,  "The  world's  memory 
must  be  kept  alive  or  we  shall  never  see 
an  end  of  its  old  mistakes,"  Reuben 
Gold  Thwaites  mediated  between  the 
Wisconsin  of  the  past  and  the  Wis- 
consin of  the  present. 

The  Wisconsin  Historical  Society  and 
its  publications  became  a  model  looked 
up  to  by  a  multitude  of  western  states. 
The  systematic  and  accurate  presenta- 
tion of  the  material  in  the  ten  volumes 
of  the  Collections  which  he  edited; 
the  twenty-six  volumes  of  the  Proceed- 
ings; the  invaluable  annotations  drawn 
from  the  editor's  own  rich  information 
and  from  the  carefully  organized  stores 
of  the  Library;  the  scholarly  papers  of 

[32] 


A  Memorial  Address 

Dr.  Thwaites  himself;  the  efficient 
contributions  of  the  staff  of  historical 
assistants  whom  he  trained  and  guided 
in  their  work;  the  care  and  wisdom  with 
which  he  brought  to  the  Society's 
annual  meetings  speakers  both  from 
Wisconsin  and  beyond  its  borders, 
whose  addresses  set  new  models  for 
historical  study  and  suggested  new 
fields  of  investigation  —  all  this  was 
the  work  of  a  really  great  organizer  of 
historical  industry. 

And  how  carefully  he  performed  the 
fiscal  duties  of  his  office,  bringing  to 
the  service  of  the  Society  day  after 
day  that  minute  and  painstaking  ac- 
curacy which  he  applied  to  his  per- 
sonal business.  No  legislative  investi- 
gation could  ever  find  anything  but 
praise  for  the  financial  records  of  the 
Society.  He  was  efficient  before  the 
days  of  scientific  management.  He 
had  the  responsibility  of  the  physical 

[33] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

care  of  a  great  library  building  and  it 
became  a  model  of  good  housekeeping. 
He  supervised  the  purchase  of  books 
and  all  the  operations  of  the  Library 
itself,  and  he  so  husbanded  its  in- 
adequate funds  that  it  grew  from 
118,000  titles  to  352,000,  threefold 
what  he  found  it.  He  brought  its 
needs  year  after  year  to  the  attention 
of  the  State  with  such  clarity  of  ex- 
position and  such  tactful  dealing  with 
men  that  it  grew  in  the  good-will  of 
the  legislators. 

Let  us  not  do  more  than  justice  to 
Dr.  Thwaites.  He  found  in  the  State 
itself  a  ready  response  to  the  claims 
of  history;  he  found  among  the  able  and 
unselfish  leaders  of  the  Historical  Soci- 
ety helpful  hands  to  smooth  many  a 
path  and  carry  many  a  load  —  the 
ablest  men  in  Wisconsin's  public  life 
were  friends  of  the  Society.  He  found 
support  in  the  University.     He  found 

[34] 


A  Memorial  Address 

an  enlightened  appreciation  in  the 
legislature  and  the  press.  He  found 
in  his  associates  on  the  staff  of  the 
Society,  who  gladly  merged  their  per- 
sonality in  his,  most  loyal  and  efficient 
aid  in  his  many-sided  task. 

And  yet,  when  all  this  is  said,  it  re- 
mains that  he  found  them,  convinced 
them,  trained  them,  led  them,  and 
retained  their  trust  and  affection. 
With  quick  and  sympathetic  intuition 
he  caught  and  utilized  what  was  best 
in  their  suggestions  and  in  them. 
With  quiet,  but  none  the  less  effective, 
skill  and  persuasiveness  he  bound  them 
to  himself  for  the  service  of  the  Society. 
He  so  organized  these  forces  that  men 
and  women  saw  in  him  their  natural 
leader  and  helpful  friend  for  securing 
the  results  in  which  all  were  interested. 
Such  gifts  of  administration  are  as 
rare  as  they  are  important. 

His  ability  and  breadth  of  interest, 

[35] 


Reuben  Gold  Thwaites 

his  broad  humanity,  caused  other 
agencies  for  public  good  to  enlist  his 
aid,  for  it  is  the  busy  man  who  is 
appealed  to  for  effective  work.  He  was 
an  active  member  and  vice-president 
of  the  influential  Free  Library  Com- 
mission, and  in  many  ways  he  helped 
to  broaden  the  usefulness  of  the  State 
Historical  Library,  to  spread  libraries 
throughout  the  State,  and  to  promote 
efficiency  in  the  training  of  librarians. 
He  was  secretary  and  editor  of  the 
Wisconsin  History  Commission,  which 
under  authority  of  the  State  has  al- 
ready published  nine  volumes  of  valu- 
able original  papers  and  reprints  on 
Wisconsin's  part  in  the  Civil  War, 
with  a  tenth  in  press.  All  of  these 
manuscripts  passed  under  his  careful 
editorship.  He  was  lecturer  in  His- 
tory in  the  University  of  Wisconsin, 
and  for  several  vears  an  extension  lee- 
turer  for  the  same  institution. 

[36] 


A  Memorial  Address 

He  wrote  the  standard  history  of 
Wisconsin,  the  history  of  the  Univer- 
sity, the  history  of  Madison,  the  history 
of  his  lodge,  the  record  of  the  Madison 
Literary  Club.  He  was  active  in  the 
service  of  the  City  Hospital,  the  Uni- 
versity Club,  the  Madison  Art 
Association,  and  the  Unitarian  Church, 
and  in  his  will  he  remembered 
the  hospital  and  the  church  and  most 
generously  left  a  tithe  of  his  estate  to 
this  Society.  Had  Dr.  Thwaites  done 
no  more  in  his  busy  life  but  what  he 
did  directly  by  his  work  for  this  Society 
and  for  the  State  of  Wisconsin  he  would 
have  made  an  enduring  place  for  him- 
self, and  would  have  more  than  repaid 
all  that  Wisconsin  had  done  for  him. 

Thus,  ineffectively  and  incompletely, 
I  have  tried  to  bring  before  you  the 
work  of  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites  of 
Wisconsin.  It  was  in  itself  a  full  life; 
but,  ladies  and  gentlemen,  there  was 

[371 


Reuben  Gold  T hw aite s 

also  a  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites  of  the 
United  States.  Let  us  turn  briefly 
to  consider  our  friend  and  colleague  in 
this  wider  aspect  of  his  work  as  man 
of  letters,  librarian,  historical  editor, 
and  historian.  A  rapid  survey  of  the 
successive  periods  of  his  life  from  this 
point  of  view  is  all  that  is  possible  on 
this  occasion. 

In  1884  and  again  in  1885  Dr. 
Thwaites  visited  New  Mexico  and 
Colorado  and  had  some  idea  of  estab- 
lishing a  newspaper  in  this  New  South- 
west. Indeed  he  proposed  to  me,  then 
just  out  of  college,  that  I  should  join 
in  the  enterprise,  and  he  painted  the 
life  of  the  cattle  region  and  the  profit 
of  advertising  cattle  brands  in  such 
terms  as  have  always  left  a  doubt 
whether  it  was  not  a  golden  opportu- 
nity lost!  But  upon  his  selection  as 
Secretary  of  the  Society,  Dr.  Thwaites 
began   a   course   in    the   rereading    of 

[38] 


A  Memorial  Address 

Parkman's  works,  visited  Canada,  and 
in  the  summer  of  1888  canoed  down 
the  Rock,  the  Fox,  and  the  Wisconsin, 
and  wove  into  a  light  but  charming 
narrative  the  history  of  these  rivers 
with  his  own  observations  of  scenes 
and  men  along  them.  The  next  year 
appeared  his  Historic  Waterways,  in 
which  he  printed  this  experience,  and 
the  summer  found  him  again  in  Canada 
and  the  eastern  cities. 

In  1890  his  first  history  of  Wiscon- 
sin came  from  his  pen,  under  the  title 
The  Story  of  Wisconsin.  In  the  succeed- 
ing year  he  published  a  brief  history  of 
The  Colonies,  the  first  volume  of  a  series 
in  which  Wood  row  Wilson  and  Pro- 
fessor Hart,  of  Harvard,  were  his 
co-workers,  and  this  excellent  manual 
became  so  widely  used  as  a  text  for 
colleges  that  its  author  gained  a  reputa- 
tion beyond  his  State.  In  the  summer 
of    the    year    of    its    appearance    he 

[39] 


Reuben  Gold  Thwaites 

traveled  in  Europe,  studying  libraries 
and  archives  there  and  writing  his 
graphic  and  readable  little  book,  Our 
Cycling  Tour  in  England.  In  1894  ne 
took  another  canoe  voyage,  this  time 
down  the  Ohio,  the  results  of  which 
appeared  in  his  Afloat  on  the  Ohio,  re- 
published as  The  Storied  Ohio.  In 
preparation  he  read  most  of  the  pre- 
vious travels  on  this  famous  river  from 
the  early  days.  As  he  tells  us,  his 
purpose  was  to  gather  "  local  color,"  to 
"see  with  his  own  eyes  what  the  bor- 
derers saw;  in  imagination  to  redress 
the  pioneer  stage  and  to  repeople  it." 
For  all  of  its  freightage  of  history  the 
little  craft  floated  lightly  and  captivat- 
ingly;  the  voyager  painted  with  loving 
and  skillful  touch  the  scenery,  described 
with  his  quick  appreciation,  wit,  and 
human  sympathy  the  life  and  conversa- 
tion of  the  dwellers  along  the  river,  and 
at  the  same  time  interested  his  readers 

[40] 


A  Memorial  Address 

in  the  daily  experiences  of  his  little 
band  of  contemporaneous  explorers. 

This  trip  illustrated  much  that  was 
fundamental  in  Dr.  Thwaites's  char- 
acter and  work.  He  based  his  history 
firmly  on  a  knowledge  of  the  geography 
of  the  country,  and  he  was  a  minute 
and  conscientious  observer  of  nature. 
He  saw  his  characters,  not  as  lay  fig- 
ures, but  vividly  and  dramatically  as 
real  people.  He  had  an  unusual  ap- 
preciation of  the  humorous  and  a  knack 
for  keen  but  kindly  characterization. 
When  he  told  a  story  he  was  at  once 
the  center  of  an  interested  and  de- 
lighted group,  for  it  was  a  work  of 
art,  the  result  of  psychological  ap- 
preciation, of  sympathetic  and  lively 
interest  in  his  fellow-man.  He  had 
the  gift  of  dramatic  narrative. 

Moreover,  he  believed  that  the  his- 
torian should  bring  to  his  work  an  ap- 
preciation of  the  romance  in  history. 

[41  ] 


Reuben  Gold   T hw aite s 

As  expert  in  editing  as  the  most  tech- 
nical and  dry-as-dust  of  his  brethren, 
he  never  read  a  document  or  penned  a 
note  that  he  did  not  see  the  picturesque, 
the  human  scene  behind  the  bare 
record;  ever  behind  the  document  there 
was  the  pageant.  He  faithfully  gath- 
ered the  often  dreary  and  dismal  rec- 
ords of  fur  trader  and  explorer  and 
presented  them  in  well  ordered  and 
scientifically  edited  volumes.  But 
when  all  is  done,  he  writes:  " Piled 
high  with  bales  of  peltries,  and  pro- 
pelled by  gaily  appareled  savages  and 
voyageurs,  with  black-robed  priests 
for  passengers,  the  flotillas  swept  down 
the  broad  rivers  in  rude  procession, 
paddles  flashing  in  the  sun,  the  air 
rent  with  barbaric  yells  and  the  roaring 
quaver  of  merry  boating  songs."  The 
history  of  institutions,  of  industrial 
development  of  laws  and  governments, 
appealed  to  him  less  than  the  history 

[42] 


A  Memorial  Address 

of  individual  achievement.  The  nar- 
rative of  action  and  the  documents  on 
which  it  was  based  gained  his  most 
loving  attention. 

In  1895  appeared  the  edition  of 
Withers'  Border  Warfare,  under  the 
editorship  of  Draper  and  Thwaites,  a 
valuable  repository  for  the  historian, 
enriched  by  Dr.  Thwaites  from  his  own 
learning  as  well  as  from  Dr.  Draper's 
treasure-house.  Had  Thwaites  been 
content  to  follow  in  the  footsteps  of 
his  predecessor,  utilizing  his  collections 
and  editing  the  mass  of  material  on  the 
Revolutionary  era,  he  would  have 
found  ample  opportunity  and  apprecia- 
tion for  his  work.  But  he  was  too 
independent  to  limit  his  activity  to 
this  task.  In  the  end  his  interests 
turned  to  earlier  periods  and  to  ex- 
ploration rather  than  to  border  war- 
fare 

In  the  years  between  1896  and  1901 

[43] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

he  published  his  monumental  edition 
of  the  Jesuit  Relations  in  seventy-three 
volumes.  His  reviewer  in  the  Amer- 
ican Historical  Review  declared  that 
it  would  "mark  an  epoch  in  the  his- 
torical literature  of  North  America 
because  of  the  abundance  and  value  of 
the  documents  reproduced  and  the 
vast  erudition  utilized  by  the  editorial 
staff."  The  editor  gathered  about 
him  a  band  of  skilled  transcribers, 
proof-readers,  translators,  local  anti- 
quarians, and  bibliographers.  He 
gained  the  co-operation  and  trust  of 
the  most  eminent  Catholic  authorities 
on  the  subject,  visiting  Canada  and,  in 
1897,  Italy  to  this  end;  he  added  greatly 
to  the  existing  sources  on  the  work  of 
these  devoted  missionaries  in  America; 
and  produced  what  will  probably  be 
the  definitive  edition  of  the  Relations  — 
the  invaluable  monumenta  of  American 
exploration  in  the  era  of  New  France. 

[44] 


A  Memorial  Address 

Among  the  most  useful  features  of 
this  work  was  its  classified  index, 
extensive  in  its  scale,  and  accurate  in  its 
treatment.  For  the  first  time  was  the 
American  library  method  applied  on  a 
large  scale  to  the  service  of  the  his- 
torian. To  his  associate  editor,  the 
late  Miss  Emma  Helen  Blair,  Dr. 
Thwaites  gave  generous  praise  for 
efficient  aid  in  editing  this  great  work. 

Thus,  during  the  period  of  the  cam- 
paign for  the  new  library  building  and 
the  years  of  its  erection,  Dr.  Thwaites 
had  given  to  the  world  an  enduring 
evidence  of  his  scholarship  and  organiz- 
ing power,  and  had  brought  to  the 
Society  a  renown  which  extended  to  the 
Old  World. 

After  the  completion  of  the  Relations 
there  followed  from  his  busy  pen  a 
series  of  volumes,  including  well  written 
and  scholarly  biographies  of  Marquette 
and  Daniel  Boone,  a  reprint  of  Henne- 

[45] 


Reuben  Gold  T hw aite s 

pin,  and  a  volume  of  historical  essays 
under  the  title,  How  George  Rogers 
Clark  Won  the  Northwest. 

In  1904,  following  a  trip  to  Yellow- 
stone Park,  he  issued  his  Rocky  Moun- 
tain Exploration,  a  book  which  pre- 
pared the  way  for  two  other  monu- 
mental publications  which  appeared 
in  the  years  between  1904  and  1907. 
These  were  the  first  edition  of  the 
Original  Journals  of  Lewis  and  Clark 
in  eight  volumes,  and  reprints  of 
Early  Western  Travels  in  thirty- two 
volumes.  Of  these  works  I  may  not 
speak  at  length.  In  the  former,  Dr. 
Thwaites  met  and  conquered  dif- 
ficulties in  a  way  that  proved  him  an 
editor  of  the  very  first  rank.  He 
ferreted  out  from  their  concealment 
missing  documents  necessary  to  com- 
plete the  journals;  deciphered  the  dif- 
ficult writing  and  spelling  of  these  his- 
toric  frontiersmen,    who   first   crossed 

[46] 


A  Memorial  Address 

the  continent  within  the  limits  of  the 
present  United  States;  mastered  the 
problem  of  correlating  and  printing  the 
several  journals  of  the  expedition; 
drew  upon  all  of  his  resources  of 
typographic  and  editorial  skill  to  give 
an  absolutely  faithful  reproduction  of 
the  originals;  enriched  them  with  a 
wealth  of  historical  and  geographical 
annotation;  and  contributed  a  mono- 
graphic introduction  setting  forth  the 
development  and  historic  significance 
of  this  epic  of  American  transcontinen- 
tal exploration. 

In  his  reprints  of  Early  Western 
Travels  his  skill  in  annotation  was 
again  revealed;  but  perhaps  the  most 
important  contribution  of  Dr.  Thwaites 
in  this  series  was  the  exceedingly  com- 
plete and  well  analyzed  index  which 
opened  to  the  historical  student  the 
wealth  of  information  which  was  con- 
tained  in   these  accounts  of  travelers, 

[47] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

who  in  the  years  between  1748  and 
1846  pushed  westward  until  their  later 
representatives  reached  the  far  North- 
west and  the  far  Southwest.  Not 
only  were  many  of  these  travels  rare, 
but  they  had  never  before  been  brought 
together  by  means  of  an  adequate 
index  for  the  service  of  the  economic 
and  social  historian.  Together  they 
present  a  picture  of  the  irresistible  tide 
of  American  settlement  flowing  into  the 
wilderness,  of  societies  forming  in  the 
forests,  of  cities  evolving  almost  under 
our  gaze  as  we  see  them  through  the  eyes 
of  these  travelers  in  successive  years. 

As  America  grows  older,  more  and 
more  it  exhibits  a  tendency  to  turn 
back  to  the  heroic  age  of  its  explorers 
and  pioneers.  In  historical  pageants, 
mural  decorations,  sculpture,  poetry, 
in  all  the  aesthetic  use  of  historic 
symbols  may  be  seen  this  growing  ap- 
preciation by  the  nation  of  its  remoter 

[48] 


A  Memorial  Address 

past.  By  these  editions  of  the  Jesuit 
Relations  (the  early  sources  of  the 
history  of  Canada  and  the  Middle 
West),  Lewis  and  Clark  (the  historical 
fountain  for  the  states  between  the 
Missouri  and  the  Northwest  Coast),  and 
the  Early  Western  Travels,  Dr.  Thwaites 
made  himself  the  editorial  authority 
to  whose  sources  the  student  must  turn 
if  he  would  study  this  stage  of 
American  development. 

And  while  Dr.  Thwaites  issued  these 
works  he  also  gave  to  the  world  his 
useful  resume  in  the  American  Nation 
Series  of  France  in  America,  and  his 
edition  of  Lahontan.  With  the  assist- 
ance of  Dr.  Louise  Kellogg  he  issued 
in  later  years  volumes  of  valuable 
annotated  documents  from  the  Draper 
manuscripts  and  other  sources  entitled 
Lord  Dunmore' 's  War,  The  Revolution 
on  the  Upper  Ohio,  and  Frontier  Defense 
on  the  Upper  Ohio. 

[49] 


Reuben  Gold  T hw aite s 

In  1909  he  published  his  excellent 
History  of  Wisconsin  in  the  American 
Commonwealth  Series,  and  in  191 2, 
with  the  collaboration  of  Superinten- 
dent Kendall,  a  School  History  of  the 
United  States. 

I  am  informed  by  Miss  Nunns,  long 
his  right  hand  in  administration,  that 
when  death  removed  him  he  was  plan- 
ning to  begin  work  on  the  history  of  the 
fur  trade,  a  subject  for  which  no  man 
was  better  fitted,  and  that  he  intended 
to  widen  the  collections  in  the  field  of 
that  far  Southwest  to  which  as  a  young 
man  he  had  thought  of  removing. 

Often  in  his  reports  Dr.  Thwaites 
called  the  attention  of  the  Society  to 
the  importance  of  keeping  in  touch 
with  sister  institutions  in  other  parts 
of  the  country  and  particularly  with 
the  great  national  associations  de- 
voted to  history  and  to  library  manage- 
ment.    He  himself  regularly  attended 

[50] 


A  Memorial  Address 

these  associations,  and  in  1900,  the 
year  of  the  completion  of  the  library 
building,  he  was  honored  by  the  pres- 
idency of  the  American  Library  Asso- 
ciation and  was  made  chairman  of 
the  Historical  Manuscripts  Commission 
of  the  American  Historical  Association. 
Four  years  later  he  became  a  member  of 
the  Council  of  the  latter  Association. 
In  many  ways  he  was  one  of  the  most 
important  contributors  to  its  activities, 
and  particularly  in  fostering  the  rela- 
tions between  the  Association  and 
state-supported  historical  societies  sim- 
ilar to  that  of  Wisconsin. 

To  many  state  and  local  historical 
societies  in  various  quarters  of  the 
Union  he  was  called  to  lecture  on  the 
early  history  of  the  West,  or  to  describe 
Wisconsin's  method  of  fostering  his- 
torical studies  throughout  the  State. 
He  became  an  envoy  extraordinary 
to  other  states  to  extend  Wisconsin's 

[51] 


UNIVERSITY  OF 
ILLINOIS  UBRAM 


Reuben  Gold  Thwaites 

influence.  The  University  of  Cali- 
fornia called  him  to  lecture  at  its 
summer  session,  and  again  to  report 
on  the  value  of  the  Bancroft  Collection 
of  sources  on  the  history  of  the  Rocky 
Mountain  and  Pacific  states.  Follow- 
ing his  advice,  California  acquired  this 
noble  collection,  thus  making  Berkeley 
the  center  for  the  study  of  that  vast 
section,  as  Madison  is  for  the  Alleghany 
Mountains  and  the  Mississippi  Valley. 
He  lectured  also  in  Oregon,  where  he 
was  welcomed  as  the  editor  of  the 
sources  of  the  early  history  of  the 
Pacific  Northwest.  He  represented 
the  American  Historical  Association 
and  delivered  one  of  the  leading  ad- 
dresses in  Annapolis  at  the  Canadian 
celebration  of  the  anniversary  of  the 
settlement  of  the  Annapolis  Basin. 
In  the  East  he  was  made  a  member  of 
the  American  Antiquarian  Society,  to 
whose   publications    he   contributed    a 

[  52  ] 


A  Memorial  Address 

scholarly  paper  on  the  early  press  of 
the  Ohio  Valley,  and  he  was  honored 
with  membership  in  the  ancient  Mas- 
sachusetts Historical  Society.  In  the 
West  the  Mississippi  Valley  Historical 
Association  made  him  its  president 
in  1912.  Already  Wisconsin  at  its 
jubilee  celebration  had  given  him  the 
honorary  degree  of  Doctor  of  Laws. 

In  the  course  of  a  little  over  a 
quarter  of  a  century,  Dr.  Thwaites 
wrote  some  fifteen  books  and  edited 
and  published  about  one  hundred  and 
sixty-eight  additional  volumes.  To 
this  total  of  one  hundred  and  eighty- 
three  volumes,  which  makes  an  average 
of  about  seven  for  each  year,  should  be 
added  something  like  one  hundred 
articles  and  addresses.  Of  course  his 
worth  is  not  to  be  tested  by  the  num- 
ber of  volumes  —  most  of  these  were 
annotated  or  reprinted  collections  of 
documents;  but  to  have  been  the  re- 

[53] 


Reuben  Gold  Thzuaites 

sponsible  editor  for  so  great  and  so 
substantial  an  historical  output,  while 
carrying  arduous  administrative  duties, 
implies  an  activity  beyond  the  power 
of  most  men  of  letters  and  science. 

Looking  back  over  his  record  of 
achievement,  considering  these  ex- 
tensive and  scholarly  contributions  to 
American  history,  which  compelled 
the  recognition  and  respect  of  his 
associates  throughout  the  United 
States,  one  cannot  fail  to  see  how  pro- 
foundly important  all  this  was  to  the 
State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin. 
When  Dr.  Thwaites  published  a  docu- 
ment, made  an  annotation,  addressed 
a  local  historical  society,  dedicated  a 
monument,  or  marked  a  trail  in  the 
State,  he  did  it  with  that  fullness  of 
knowledge,  that  large  recognition  of 
the  significance  of  his  subject,  which 
came  from  an  extensive  and  thorough 
study  of  the  whole  process  ofexplora- 

[54] 


A  Memorial  Address 

tion  and  pioneering  in  the  United 
States.  The  forces  of  American  his- 
tory flowed  through  the  history  of  the 
locality  and  the  State  when  he  spoke. 

He  brought  to  the  altar  of  this  So- 
ciety his  laurels  from  the  nation.  They 
were  laurels  of  love  for  the  man  as  well 
as  tributes  to  the  scholar's  worth. 
When  he  died,  this  note  of  affection 
was  struck  not  only  by  the  country 
press  from  many  a  Wisconsin  town, 
not  only  by  the  city  press  of  the 
Northwest,  but  in  publications  and 
letters  from  all  over  the  United 
States. 

At  a  recent  meeting  of  members  of 
the  Council  of  the  American  Historical 
Association  a  letter  was  drawn  up  and 
signed  by  men  among  the  most  dis- 
tinguished in  the  historical  activities 
of  the  nation,  expressing  in  the  sincerest 
and  warmest  terms  their  sense  of 
personal  loss,  their  love  and  admiration 

[55] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

for  Dr.  Thwaites  as  a  man  and  as  an 
historical  scholar. 

Short  in  stature,  but  with  a  com- 
pelling personality,  his  cheery,  winning 
spirit  shining  out  behind  his  twinkling 
eyes,  always  ready  with  a  joke  or  a 
story  that  impressed  a  point  upon  his 
hearers;  alert,  decisive,  receptive,  help- 
ful, a  man  of  honor  and  of  character, 
active  in  the  "Unitarian  Church  and 
respected  and  trusted  by  the  Catholic 
clergy;  an  author  whose  style  was 
graphic,  lively,  and  so  carefully  dis- 
ciplined that  it  concealed  the  care 
with  which  he  worked  out  each  sen- 
tence; a  writer  with  imagination,  a 
conscientious  scholar,  and  a  man  of 
affairs,  Dr.  Thwaites  combined  in 
himself  most  unusual  qualities. 

He  was  married  in  1882  to  Miss 
Jessie  Turvill,  and  to  them  was  born 
a  son,  Fredrik  T.  On  most  of  his 
happy   summer   outings   where   travel 

[56] 


A  Memorial  Address 

was  both  recreation  and  the  search  for 
new  material,  he  was  accompanied  by 
his  family.  In  their  companionship  he 
found  a  happiness  that  remained  with 
him  through  life. 

Wherever  he  went,  whether  among 
the  Indians  of  Wisconsin  or  of  the  Ari- 
zona Pueblos,  the  French  fur  traders,  or 
the  scholars  of  the  great  national  asso- 
ciations, he  was  greeted  with  a  quick 
recognition  that  here  was  a  rare  man,  a 
man  to  be  welcomed  as  a  friend.  We 
who  lived  in  daily  contact  with  him  may 
not  have  known  how  wide  was  the  circle 
of  his  friends,  for  he  disliked  to  talk  of 
himself  and  of  his  achievements.  But 
we  know  how  richly  he  deserved  that 
friendship,  for  we  who  saw  him  at  his 
daily  work,  who  knew  him  in  his  home, 
we,  too,  leaned  on  him,  trusted  him, 
and  loved  him. 

This  Society  has  been  fortunate  in 
the  length  of  service  of  its  great  execu- 

[57] 


Reuben  Gold   Thzvaites 

tive  officers.  Draper  and  Thwaites 
span  the  whole  active  life  of  the  Society, 
which  is  nearly  as  old  as  the  state 
itself.  If  we  consider  the  years 
of  Dr.  Draper's  superintendency  of 
public  instruction  and  of  the  Civil 
War,  during  which  the  publications  of 
the  Society  were  suspended,  each  of 
these  men  gave  to  the  Society  about 
the  same  length  of  service,  substantially 
a  generation.  Draper  was  the  founder; 
Thwaites  was  the  great  historical 
editor  and  modernizer,  the  builder  of 
a  new  type  of  state  historical  society. 

In  the  years  to  come,  on  the  basis  of 
the  structure  they  reared,  this  Society 
will  become  increasingly  the  home  of 
historical  students.  Here  are  the 
priceless  materials  for  the  history  of 
that  vast  Middle  West,  whose  ideals 
are  shaping  the  nation.  To  under- 
stand the  economic,  political,  and 
social  development  that  followed  the 

[58] 


A  Memorial  Address 

era  of  explorer  and  pioneer  requires 
the  work  of  many  students  and  will 
extend  into  later  generations.  Other 
men  will  succeed  to  Dr.  Thwaites's 
office  and,  if  they  do  their  full  duty, 
mindful  of  his  example,  they  will  open 
new  avenues  of  progress  to  this  Society 
and  will  explore  new  fields  of  history. 
Happy,  thrice  happy,  they,  if  in  the 
times  to  come  their  names  shall  be 
spoken  with  the  respect  and  the  affec- 
tion with  which  we  speak  the  name  of 
Reuben  Gold  Thwaites. 


[S9l 


BIBLIOGRAPHY 


BIBLIOGRAPHY 

Afloat  on  the  Ohio:  an  Historical 
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a  Skiff,  from  Redstone  to  Cairo. 
Chicago,  1897.    xiv,  334P. 

Republished,  New  York,  1900.  xiv,  334p. 
Revised  edition,  1903,  has  title:  On  the 
Storied  Ohio:  an  Historical  Pilgrimage  of  a 
Thousand  Miles  in  a  Skiff,  from  Redstone  to 
Cairo. 

Annotated  Catalogue  of  Newspaper 
Files  in  the  Library  of  the  Society. 
Prepared  under  the  editorial  direc- 
tion of  Reuben  G.  Thwaites  and 
Isaac  S.  Bradley,  by  Emma  PL  Blair. 
Madison,  Wis.,  1898.    xii,  375p. 

Second  edition  [prepared  under  the  edi- 
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by  Ada  T.  Griswold.  Madison,  Wis.,  191 1. 
xii,  591P. 

Annual  Address  before  the  Illinois 
State  Historical  Society,  at  Spring- 
field January  30,  1901.  (In  Illinois 
Historical  Society  Transactions, 
1901,  pp.  19-25.) 

[63] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

Apprenticeship  as  a  Means  of  Library 
Training.  (In  Library  Journal,  xxiii, 
1898,  pp.  83,  84.) 

Arguments  for  a  Joint  Library  Build- 
ing for  the  State  Historical  Society 
and  the  State  University.  Madison, 
Wis.,  1895.    26p. 

At  the  Meeting  of  the  Trails:  the 
Romance  of  a  Parish  Register.  (In 
Mississippi  Valley  Historical  Asso- 
ciation Proceedings,  vi,  19 12-13,  PP- 
198-217.) 

Based  upon  the  Mackinac  Register,  as 
published  in  the  Wisconsin  Historical  Col- 
lections, xviii,  xix,  1907-10. 

The  Bancroft  Library:  a  Report 
Submitted  to  the  President  and 
Regents  of  the  University  of  Cali- 
fornia. .  .  Nov.  14,  1905.  Berke- 
ley, Cal.,  1905.     20p. 

Bibliography  of  Wisconsin  Authors; 
being  a  List  of  Books  and  other 
Publications,  Written  by  Wisconsin 
Authors,  in  the  Library  of  the 
Society.     Prepared  under  the  direc- 

[64] 


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tion  of  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites  and 
Isaac  S.  Bradley,  by  Emma  A. 
Hawley.  Madison,  Wis.,  1893.  viii, 
263P. 

The  Black  Hawk  War.  (In  Magazine 
of  Western  History,  v,  1886-87,  PP- 
32-45,  181-196.) 

The  Boundaries  of  Wisconsin;  with 
a  General  Historical  Survey  of  the 
Division  of  the  Northwest  Territory 
into  States.  (In  Wisconsin  Historical 
Collections,  xi,  1888,  pp.  451-501.) 

Reprinted,  Madison,  Wis.,  1888.  pp.  451- 
501.  This  narrative  is  republished  as  chap, 
ii,  "The  Division  of  the  Northwest  into 
States,"  in  How  George  Rogers  Clark  Won 
the  Northwest. 

A  Brief  Description  of  the  State 
Historical  Library  Building  at  Madi- 
son, Wisconsin.  Madison,  Wis., 
August,  1906.  i6p.  (Wisconsin 
Historical  Society  Handbook  Series, 
no.  1.) 

Second  edition,  April,  191 1.     I3p. 

[6S] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

A  Brief  History  of  Rocky  Mountain 
Exploration,  with  Especial  Reference 
to  the  Expedition  of  Lewis  and 
Clark.  New  York,  1904.  ix,  276p. 
(Appleton's  Expansion  of  the  Re- 
public Series.) 

Bulletins  of  Information,  State  His- 
torical Society  of  Wisconsin,  nos. 
1-70,  1894-1913. 

Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

Chronicles  of  Border  Warfare;  or, 
A  History  of  the  Settlement  by  the 
Whites,  of  North-western  Virginia, 
and  of  the  Indian  Wars  and  Massa- 
cres in  that  Section  of  the  State, 
with  Reflections,  Anecdotes,  &c,  by 
Alexander  Scott  Withers,  New  edi- 
tion.    Cincinnati,  0.,    1895.     447p. 

Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 
This  edition  was  projected  and  partly 
finished  by  Lyman  C.  Draper.  At  the 
time  of  his  death,  he  had  prepared  notes 
for  about  one-fourth  of  the  book  and  had 
written  his  "Memoir  of  the  Author." 

[66] 


Bibliography 


Chronological  History  of  Wisconsin. 
(In  Wisconsin  Blue  Book,  1909,  pp. 
848-871.) 

Reprinted,  Madison,  Wis.,  1909,  pp.  848- 
871.  And  also  in  various  editions  of  the 
Blue  Book,  from  1899  to  191 3. 

Cleveland  to  Mackinaw:  Historical 
Data  on  A.  L.  A.  Post  Conference 
Trip.  (In  American  Library  Asso- 
ciation Eighteenth  General  Con- 
ference, Preliminary  Papers,  Pro- 
gram and  Itinerary,  1896,  pp.  4-1 1.) 

The  Colonies,  1492-1750.  New 
York,  1891.  xviii,  30ip.  (Epochs 
of  American  History;  ed.  by  Albert 
Bushnell  Hart.) 

First  edition,  December,  1890;  reprinted, 
September,  1891;  February,  1892  (revised); 
January  and  August,  1893;  December, 
1893  (revised);  August,  1894;  October, 
1895;  July,  1896;  August,  1897  (revised); 
November,  1897;  July,  1898;  July,  1899; 
April,  1900;  January,  1901;  October,  1901; 
August,  1902;  November,  1902;  October, 
1904;  September,  1906;  May,  1908;  June, 
1910  (revised). 

[67] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

The  Colonists  and  the  Indians.  (In 
Stepping-stones  of  American  History 
[1904],  pp.  151-171-) 

Based  upon  The  Colonies,  1492-1750. 

Cyrus  Hall  McCormick  and  the 
Reaper.  (In  Wisconsin  Historical 
Society  Proceedings,   1908,  pp.  234- 

259.) 

Reprinted,  Madison,  Wis.  1909.    pp.  234- 

259. 

Daniel  Boone.  New  York,  1902. 
xv,  257p.  (Appleton's  Life  His- 
tories.) 

David  Atwood.  (In  Wisconsin  His- 
torical Society  Proceedings,  1890,  pp. 
101-113.) 

Republished,  with  a  few  changes,  from 
"General  David  Atwood,"  in  Magazine  of 
Western  History,  v,   1886-87,  PP-  S49~ 565. 

A  Day  on  Braddock's  Road.     (In  New 

England  Magazine,  n.s.  xv,  1896-97, 

pp.  299-308.) 

This  narrative  was  reprinted,  with  same 
title,  as  chap,  vi,  in  How  George  Rogers 
Clark  Won  the  Northwest. 

[68] 


Bibliography 


Descriptive  Handbook:  the  State 
Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin. 
Madison,  Wis.,  May,  1907.  i8p. 
(Wisconsin  Historical  Society  Hand- 
book Series,  no.  2.) 

Second  edition,  Dec.,  1908.  i8p.  Third 
edition,  June,  191 1.     20p. 

Descriptive  List  of  Manuscript  Col- 
lections of  the  State  Historical  Soci- 
ety of  Wisconsin;  together  with 
Reports  on  other  Collections  of  Man- 
uscript Material  for  American  His- 
tory in  Adjacent  States.  Madison, 
Wis.,  1906.  viii,  I97p. 
Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

Directories  in  Public  Reference 
Libraries.  (In  Library  Journal,  xx, 
1895,  pp.  341,  342.) 

Down  Historic  Waterways:  Six  Hun- 
dred Miles  of  Canoeing  upon  Illinois 
and  Wisconsin  Rivers.  Chicago, 
1902.    300p. 

Second  edition,  revised,  of  Historic  Water- 
ways: Six  Hundred  Miles  of  Canoeing  down 
the  Rock,  Fox,  and  Wisconsin  Rivers. 

[69] 


Reuben  Gold   Thzuaites 

Draper  Series.  Madison  &  Oshkosh, 
Wis.,  1905-12.    3V. 

Edited  jointly  with  Louise  Phelps  Kellogg. 
(1)  Documentary  History  of  Dunmore's 
War,  1774.  1905.  (2)  The  Revolution  on 
the  Upper  Ohio,  177S~1777-  1908.  (3) 
Frontier  Defense  on  the  Upper  Ohio,  1777- 
1778.  1912.  Compiled  from  the  Draper 
Manuscripts  in  the  library  of  the  Wisconsin 
Historical  Society,  and  printed  at  the  charge 
of  the  Wisconsin  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the 
American  Revolution. 

Early  Lead-mining  in  Illinois  and 
Wisconsin.  (In  American  Historical 
Association  Annual  Report,  1893, 
pp.  191-196.) 

Early  Schools  in  Wisconsin.  (In 
Stearns,  J.  W.  (ed),  The  Columbian 
History   of  Education  in   Wisconsin, 

1893,  pp.* 78-83.) 

Early  Western  Travels,  1 748-1 846: 
a  Series  of  Annotated  Reprints  of 
Some  of  the  Best  and  Rarest  Con- 
temporary Volumes  of  Travel,  De- 
scriptive of  the  Aborigines  and  Social 
and    Economic    Conditions    in    the 

[70] 


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Middle  and  Far  West,  During  the 
Period  of  Early  American  Settle- 
ment. Cleveland,  1904-06.  30V. 
Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

The  Evolution  of  Wisconsin.  (In 
Wisconsin  Blue  Book,  1909,  pp.  845- 

8470 

Reprinted,  Madison,  Wis.,  1909.  pp.  845- 
847;  reprinted  in  various  editions  of  the 
Blue  Book,  from  1899  to  191 3. 

Father  Marquette.  New  York,  1902. 
xv,  244P.   (Appleton's  Life  Histories.) 

The  First  Library  in  the  Northwest. 
(In  Library  Journal,  xx,  1895,  p.  382.) 

Republished  on  pp.  100,  101,  chap,  ix,  in 
Afloat  on  the  Ohio,  1897. 

For  a  Parcels-post.  (In  Nation,  xc, 
1910,  p.  345.) 

France  in  America,  1497-1763.  New 
York,  1905.  xxi,  320p.  (The  Ameri- 
can Nation:  a  History;  ed.  by  Al- 
bert Bushnell  Hart.) 

[71] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

Gathering  Materials  for  Local  His- 
tory. (In  Wisconsin  Historical 
Society   Proceedings ;    1896,    pp.    50- 

52.) 

Reprinted  with  title:  "The  Gathering  of 
Local  History  Materials,  by  Public  Li- 
braries." Madison,  Wis.,  December,  1896. 
3 p.  (Wisconsin  Historical  Society  Bulletin 
of  Information,  no.  7).  {Same),  Synopsis  of 
Speech  at  Meeting  of  the  Wisconsin  Li- 
brary Association  at  Ashland,  November 
13,  1896.  (In  Library  Journal,  xxii,  1897, 
p.  82).  {Same),  Reprint,  revised.  Madi- 
son, Wis.,  September,  1905,  3p.  (Wis- 
consin Historical  Society  Bulletin  of  Infor- 
mation, no.  25.) 

General  David  Atwood.  (In  Maga- 
zine of  Western  History,  v,  1886-87, 

PP-  549-565 •) 

Reprinted  with  title:  Biographical  Sketch 
of  David  Atwood.  Madison,  Wis.,  1887. 
37p.  Again,  as  "General  Atwood  Dead." 
(In  State  Journal,  Madison,  Wis.,  December 
12,  1889.) 

Geography  of  Wisconsin.  (In  Red- 
way,  J.  W.  &  Hinman,  Russell, 
Natural  advanced  geography  [1898] 
[Supp.]  pp.  10-16.) 

[72] 


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George  Rogers  Clark,  the  Western 
Hero  of  the  Revolution:  lecture 
delivered  in  the  Hall  of  Philosophy, 
July  14,  1898.  (In  Chautauqua  As- 
sembly Herald,  July  22,  1898.) 

The  Great  River.  II.  Indian  Days. 
III.  The  Upper  Mississippi  during 
the  French  Regime.  (In  World  To- 
day, vi,  1904,  pp.  184-192,  383-39O 

Greetings  of  the  American  Historical 
Association  to  the  Nova  Scotia  His- 
torical Society,  at  the  De  Monts 
Tercentenary,  June  21,  1904.  (In 
Canadian  Magazine,  xxiii,  1904,  pp. 

330-332.) 

Reprinted,  Toronto,  1904.    5p. 

Handbooks,  State  Historical  Society 
of  Wisconsin,  nos.  1-7,  1906-13. 
Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

Historic  Camp  Randall.  (In  Daily 
Cardinal,  University  of  Wisconsin, 
Madison,  December  19,  1901.) 

Historic  Waterways:  Six  Hundred 
Miles  of  Canoeing  down  the  Rock, 

[73] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

Fox,  and  Wisconsin  Rivers.  Chicago, 
1888.     2Q8p. 

Second  edition  has  title:  Down  Historic 
Waterways:  Six  Hundred  Miles  of  Canoeing 
upon  Illinois  and  Wisconsin  Rivers. 

Historical  Outline  of  the  Admission 
of  Wisconsin  to  the  Union.  (In 
Casson,  Henry  (ed.),  Constitution  of 
the  State  of  Wisconsin,  1898,  pp.  3-8.) 

Reprinted  in  1909  Edition  of  the  Blue  Book 
[Madison,  Wis.,  1909],  pp.  17-20,  and  in 
various  editions  of  the  Blue  Book,  from  1899 
to  1913. 

Historical  Sketch  of  the  Public 
Schools  of  Madison,  Wisconsin, 
1838-85.  Madison,  Wis.,  1886. 
84p. 

Abridged  and  brought  down  to  1893,  with 
title:  "The  Public  Schools  of  Madison." 
(In  Stearns,  J.  W.  (ed.),  Columbian  History 
of  Education  in  Wisconsin,  1893,  pp.  479- 

495-) 

The  Historical  Society:  its  Relation 
to  the  People  of  the  State.  (In 
Madison  Times,  February  14,  1893.) 

[74] 


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History:  a  Selection  from  its  Litera- 
ture. (In  Leypoldt,  A.  H.,  &  lies, 
George  (eds.),  List  of  Books  for 
Girls  and  Women  and  their  Clubs, 
1895,  pp.  47-54-) 

A   History  of  the  United  States   for 
Grammar    Schools.    Boston    [1912], 
xvii,  471,  liip. 
Joint  author  with  Calvin  Noyes  Kendall. 

History  of  the  University  of  Wiscon- 
sin. (In  Thwaites,  R.  G.  (ed.), 
The  University  of  Wisconsin,  its 
History   and   its  Alumni,    1900,    pp. 

43-75-) 

How  George   Rogers   Clark  Won   the 

Northwest,    and    Other    Essays    in 

Western    History.      Chicago,    1903. 

xx,  378P. 

Revised  and  much  enlarged  from  George 
Rogers  Clark,  the  Western  Hero  of  the  Revolu- 
tion. 

The  Jesuit  Relations  and  Allied  Docu- 
ments: Travels  and  Explorations 
of  the  Jesuit  Missionaries  in  New 
France,     1610-1791;     the     Original 

[75] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

French,    Latin    and    Italian    Texts, 
with  English  Translations  and  Notes. 
Cleveland,  1 896-1901.     73  V. 
Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

Landmarks  in  Wisconsin.  Madison, 
Wis.,  June,  1906.  7p.  (Wisconsin 
Historical  Society  Bulletin  of  Infor- 
mation, no.  30.) 

Letter  of  Admiral  Farragut,  1853. 
(In  American  Historical  Review,  ix, 
1903-04,  pp.  537-54I-) 

A   Letter   of   Marshall   to   Jefferson, 
1783.      (In  American  Historical  Re- 
view, x,  1905,  pp.  815-817.) 
Reprinted  n.p.  [1905]  fop.] 

A  Letter  to  the  People  of  Wisconsin, 
Relative  to  the  Several  Proposed 
State  and  County  Semi-centennial 
Observances,  Madison,  Wis.,  Novem- 
ber, 1897.  ip.  no  title.  (Wisconsin 
Historical  Society  Bulletin  of  Infor- 
mation, no.  1.) 

Joint   author    with    John    Johnston.      Re- 
printed, Madison,  Wis.,  December,  1906.  4p. 

[76] 


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Lewis  and  Clark:  Discoverers  of 
Empire.  (In  Christendom,  i,  1902- 
03,  pp.  520-527.) 

The  Library  as  a  Factor  in  Education 
[Address  at  the  Dedication  of  Car- 
negie Library,  Beloit  College,  Janu- 
ary 5,  1905.]  (Beloit  College  Bulle- 
tin, iii,  no.  2.) 

Reprinted,  revised  as  "Address  before  the 
Indiana  Library  Association,  at  Muncie, 
October    19,    1905."      (In   Earlhamite,    xii, 

1905,  pp.  57-630 

Library  of  the  State  Historical  So- 
ciety of  Wisconsin.  (In  Library 
Journal,  xxi,  1896,  pp.  175,  176.) 

Reprinted  in  Library  Journal,  Wisconsin 
Supplement,  1896,  pp.  7,  8.  Republished, 
with  some  changes,  from  "The  Work  of 
the  Wisconsin  Historical  Society,"  in  the 
Annals  of  Iowa,  3d  series,  i,  1893-95,  pp. 
258-265. 

Life  and  Manners  in  the  Colonies:  a 
Talk.  (In  Booklovers  Reading  Club 
Handbook,  Course  21:  American 
Foundation  History,  1901,  pp.  73- 
88.) 

[77] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

Local  History  in  the  Library  Story 
Hour.  (In  Library  Journal,  xxxii, 
1907,  pp.  158,  159.) 

Local  Public  Museums  in  Wisconsin: 
Paper  Read  before  a  Joint  Session 
of  the  Wisconsin  Academy  of  Sci- 
ences, Arts,  and  Letters  and  the 
Wisconsin  Archaeological  Society,  at 
Milwaukee,  February  14,  1908. 
Madison,  Wis.,  April,  1908.  24p. 
(Wisconsin  Historical  Society  Bulle- 
tin of  Information,  no.  43.) 

Lord  Dunmore's  War,  1774:  an 
Address  delivered  before  the  Society 
of  Colonial  Wars  in  the  State  of 
Michigan,  May  17,  19 10.  Detroit, 
Mich.,  191 1.     22p. 

Lymax  C.  Draper  —  the  Western  Plu- 
tarch. (In  Magazine  of  Western 
History,   v,    1886-87,   PP-    335"350.) 

Reprinted  with  title:  "Biographical 
Sketch  of  Lyman  C.  Draper"  [Madison, 
Wis.,  1887],  37p.  Again,  with  changes,  as 
"Lyman  Copeland  Draper  —  a  memoir." 
(In  Wisconsin  Historical  Society  Proceed- 
ings, 1 891,  pp.  74-95.)    {Same),  Reprinted  in 

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Wisconsin  Historical  Collections,  xii,  1892, 
pp.  1-22;  also  in  Preface  to  Reprint  edition, 
id.  i,  pp.  ix-xxix.  {Same), Reprinted, Madison 
Wis.,  1892.  22p.  Also  Madison,  Wis.,  1903, 
pp.  ix-xxix.  This  narrative  is  also  reprinted 
in  chap,  viii,  "The  Draper  Manuscripts," 
in  How  George  Rogers  Clark  Won  the  North- 
west. 

Madison,  the  City  of  the  Four  Lakes. 
(In  Powell,  L.  P.  (ed.),  Historic 
Towns  of  the  Western  States,  1901, 
pp.  235-264.) 

Also  Introduction  to  the  volume.  Based 
on  "Story  of  Madison"  in  University  of 
Wisconsin,  its  History  and  its  Alumni,  1900, 
pp.  3-41. 

Memorial  Address:  James  Davie 
Butler.  (In  Wisconsin  Academy  of 
Sciences,  Arts,  and  Letters  Transac- 
tions, xv,  pt.  2,  1907,  pp.  897-911.) 

Reprinted,  Madison,  Wis.,  1907.    [14P.] 

Monument  to  Oshkosh.  (In  Oshkosh 
Times,  June  3,  1888.) 

Revised  and  enlarged  from  "Oshkosh,  the 
Last  of  the  Menominee  Sachems"  in  the 
same  paper  of  April  22,  1876. 

[79] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

A  New  Discovery  of  a  Vast  Country 
in  America,  by  Father  Louis  Henne- 
pin.    Chicago,  1903.     2v. 
Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

Newly  Discovered  Personal  Records 
of  Lewis  and  Clark.  (In  Scribner's 
Magazine,  xxxv,  1904,  pp.  685-700.) 

New  Voyages  to  North-America,  by 
the  Baron  de  Lahontan.     Chicago, 
1905.     2V. 
Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

Notable  Gathering  of  Scholars.     (In 

Independent,  lxviii,   1910,  pp.  7-14.) 

Report  of  the  meeting  of  the  American 
Historical  Association,  American  Economic 
Association  and  other  societies  at  New 
York,  December,  1909. 

Notes  on  Early  Lead  Mining  in  the 
Fever  (or  Galena)  River  Region. 
(In  Wisconsin  Historical  Collections, 
xiii,  1895,  pp.  271-292.) 

Reprinted,  Madison,  Wis.,  1895.  pp.  271- 
292.  An  abstract  of  these  notes  appeared 
in  the  Report  of  the  American  Historical 
Association   for    1893.      Republished,   with 

[so] 


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some  changes,  in  chap,  vii,  "Early  Lead 
Mining  on  the  Upper  Mississippi,"  in  How 
George  Rogers  Clark  Won  the  Northzvest. 

The  Ohio  Valley  Press  before  the  War 
of  1812-15.    (In  American  Antiquar- 
ian  Society   Proceedings,   xix,    1909, 
pp.  309-368.) 
Reprinted,  Worcester,  Mass.,  1909.    62p. 

On  the  Storied  Ohio:    An  Historical 

Pilgrimage  of  a  Thousand  Miles  in 

a    Skiff,    from    Redstone    to    Cairo. 

Chicago,  1903.    xvii,  334P. 

New  and  revised  edition  of  Afloat  on  the 
Ohio:  an  Historical  Pilgrimage  of  a  Thous- 
and Miles  in  a  Skiff,  from  Redstone  to  Cairo. 

Original  Journals  of  the  Lewis  and 
Clark  Expedition,  1 804-1 806; 
Printed  from  the  Original  Manu- 
scripts in  the  Library  of  the  American 
Philosophical  Society  and  by  Direc- 
tion of  its  Committee  on  Historical 
Documents,  together  with  Manu- 
script Material  of  Lewis  and  Clark 
from  other  Sources,  Including  Note- 
books, Letters,  Maps,  etc.,  and  the 
Journals     of     Charles     Floyd     and 

[81] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

Joseph  Whitehouse,  now  for  the 
First  Time  Published  in  Full  and 
Exactly  as  Written.  New  York, 
1904-05.    7V.  and  atlas. 

Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 
This  work  is  published  also  in  a  large  paper 
edition,  extra  illustrated  in  fifteen  volumes 
quarto  and  altas;  also  in  edition  de  luxe, 
"with  many  of  the  illustrations  colored  by 
hand  after  the  manner  of  the  originals, 
with  atlas  in  fifteen  volumes  quarto." 

Oshkosh,  Menominee  Sachem:  [Ad- 
dress at  Unveiling  of  Heroic  Bronze 
Statue  of  Oshkosh,  in  North  Park 
of  that  City,  June  21,  191 1].  (In 
Wisconsin  Historical  Society  Pro- 
ceedings',  191 1,  pp.  170-176.) 

Reprinted  with  general  title:  "Four  Chap- 
ters in  Wisconsin  Indian  History."  Madi- 
son, Wis.,  1912.    pp.  170-176. 

Osh-kosh,  the  Last  of  the  Menomonee 

Sachems.  (In  Oshkosh  Times,  April 
22,  1876.) 

Our  Cycling  Tour  in  England  from 
Canterbury  to  Dartmoor  Forest, 
and  back  by  way  of  Bath,  Oxford 

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and  the  Thames  Valley.     Chicago, 
1892.    3isp. 

An  Outline  of  Mackinac  History.  (In 
Wisconsin  Library  Bulletin,  June, 
1910,  pp.  55,  56.) 

Overland  a  Century  Ago:  the  Lewis 
and  Clark  Expedition  as  a  Feature 
in  Westward  Expansion  and  the 
Significance  of  the  Present  Centen- 
nial Exposition  at  Portland,  Oregon. 
(In  Sunset  Magazine,  xv,  1905,  pp. 
213-224.) 

Population  of  Brown  County,  June, 
1830.  (In  Wisconsin  Historical  Col- 
lections, xiii,  1895,  pp.  468-472.) 

Preliminary  Notes  on  the  Distribu- 
tion of  Foreign  Groups  in  Wisconsin. 
[Extract  from  the  Annual  Report  of 
the  Wisconsin  Historical  Society, 
January  2,  .1890.]  [Madison,  Wis. 
1890],  pp.  57-63. 

Proceedings  of  State  Historical  So- 
ciety of  Wisconsin,  35th-6oth,  1888- 
1912. 

Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

[83] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

Rear  Admiral  Melancton  Smith,  U. 
S.  N. :  a  Memoir.  Madison,  Wis., 
1893.     I4p. 

A  Record  of  Landmarks  in  Wisconsin. 
Madison,  Wis.,  September,  1913. 
8p.  (Wisconsin  Historical  Society 
Bulletin  of  Information,  no.  70.) 

Reprint,  in  part,  of  Bulletin  of  Information 
no.  30,  "Landmarks  in  Wisconsin." 

The  Record  of  the  Iron  Brigade.  (In 
State  Journal,  Madison,  Wis.,  Sept. 
16,  1885.) 

Record  of  the  Madison  Literary  Club 
of  Madison,  Wisconsin,  1 877-1 887. 
Madison,  Wis.,  1887.    42p. 

Report  of  Committee  on  Methods  of 
Organization  and  Work  on  the  Part 
of  State  and  Local  Historical  Socie- 
ties. (In  American  Historical  Asso- 
ciation Annual  Report,  1905,  i,  pp. 
249-325.) 

Reprinted,  Washington,  1906.    [77p.] 

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The  Romance  of  Mississippi  Valley 
History.  (In  Shambaugh,  B.  F. 
(ed.),  Proceedings  of  the  Fiftieth  Anni- 
versary of  the  Constitution  of  Iowa, 
1907,  pp.  1 13-142.) 

Reprinted  Cedar  Rapids,  la.,  1907.  32p. 
Again,  as  "Romantic  Elements  in  the 
History  of  the  Mississippi  Valley."  (In 
Ontario  Historical  Society  Papers  and 
Records,  x,  1913,  pp.  33-42.) 

Sketch  of  Morgan  L.  Martin.  (In 
Wisconsin  Historical  Collections,  xi, 

1888,  pp.  380-384.) 

Reprinted,  Madison,Wis.,  1888, pp.  379-383. 

I.  Some  Suggestions  to  Local  His- 
torians, in  View  of  the  Proposed 
Observances  of  the  State's  Semi- 
centennial Anniversary.  II.  A  Se- 
lected List  of  Printed  Material  Relat- 
ing to  the  History  of  Wisconsin. 
Madison,  Wis.,  February,  1898.  22p. 
(Wisconsin  Historical  Society  Bulle- 
tin of  Information,  no.  4.) 

Enlarged  from  Bulletin  no.  2,  pt.  III. 
Part  I  revised,  reprinted  December,  1899, 
as  Bulletin  no.  12.  Part  II  revised,  re- 
printed December,  1899,  as  Bulletin  no.  II. 

[85] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

The  Spaniards  in  North  America. 
(In  Wisconsin  Columbian  Circular 
Containing  Patriotic  and  Historical 
Selections,  October  21,  1892,  pp.  34- 

370 

Sphere   of   the    Library.      (In   Public 

Libraries,  xi,  1906,  pp.  3-5.) 

Extracts  from  "The  Library  as  a  Factor 
in  Education":  an  address  before  the 
Indiana  Library  Association,  at  Muncie, 
October  19,  1905. 

State  and  Local  Historical  Societies. 

(In    Iowa    Journal    of   History    and 

Politics,  iv,  1906,  pp.  245-266.) 

Reprinted,  Iowa  City,  la.,  1906,  24p. 
Reprint,  in  part,  of  "Report  of  Committee 
on  Methods  of  Organization  and  Work  on 
the  Part  of  State  and  Local  Historical 
Societies,"  in  American  Historical  Associa- 
tion Annual  Report,  1905,  i,  pp.  249-325. 

The  State  Capitol.  (In  Wisconsin 
Blue  Book,  1 901-13.) 

The  State  Historical  Society.  (In 
the  Evening  Wisconsin,  February  6, 
1889.) 

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The  State  Historical  Society  of  Wiscon- 
sin: Exercises  at  the  Dedication  of 
its  New  Building,  October  19,  1900; 
together  with  a  Description  of  the 
New  Building,  Accounts  of  the 
Several  Libraries  Contained  Therein, 
and  a  Brief  History  of  the  Society, 
Memorial  Volume.  Madison,  Wis., 
1901.    xii,  139P. 

The  State  Historical  Society  of  Wis- 
consin .  .  .  Description  of  the  New 
Building.  (In  Wisconsin  Historical 
Society  Bulletin  of  Information,  no. 
8,  pp.  16-21.) 

The  State  Historical  Society  of  Wis- 
consin. (In  Magazine  of  Western 
History,  vii,   1887-88,  pp.  549-560.) 

Revised  as  "The  State  Historical  Society 
of  Wisconsin."  (In  Stearns,  J.  W.  (ed.), 
Columbian  History  of  Education  in  Wiscon- 
sin, 1893,  pp.  395-40S-) 

The  State  Historical  Society  of  Wis- 
consin: the  Story  of  its  Growth. 
(In     Wisconsin     Historical     Society 

[87] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

Bulletin  of  Information,  no.  8,  pp. 
3-II.) 

Republished,  with  some  changes,  from 
"Library  of  the  State  Historical  Society" 
in  Library  Journal,  xxi,  1896,  pp.  175,  176. 

State-supported  Historical  Societies 
and  their  Functions.  (In  American 
Historical  Association  Annual  Re- 
fort,  1897,  pp.  63-71.) 

Stories  of  the  Badger  State.  New 
York  [1900],  255P. 

The  Story  of  Chequamegon  Bay.  (In 
Wisconsin  Historical  Collections,  xiii, 
i895?  PP-  397-4250 

Reprinted,  Madison,  Wis.,  1895.  pp.  397— 
425.  Republished,  with  some  changes,  in 
chap,  v,  "The  Story  of  La  Pointe,"  in 
How  George  Rogers  Clark  Won  the  North- 
west. 

The  Story  of  Lewis  and  Clark's 
Journals.  (In  American  Historical 
Association  Annual  Report,  1903,  i, 
pp.  105-129.) 

Reprinted,  Washington,  1904.    [24P.] 

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Story  of  Mackinac.  (In  Library  Jour- 
nal, xxi,  1896,  pp.  71-78.) 

Same.  (In  Wisconsin  Historical  Collections, 
xiv,  1898,  pp.  1-16.)  Reprinted,  Madison, 
Wis.,  1898.  l6p.  Originally  prepared  as  an 
address  before  the  American  Library  Associ- 
ation at  its  meeting  on  Mackinac  Island, 
September  8,  1896,  and  in  that  form  pub- 
lished in  the  Library  Journal,  December, 
1896.  Republished,  with  some  changes, 
in  chap,  iv,  "The  Story  of  Mackinac,"  in 
How  George  Rogers  Clark  Won  the  North- 
west. 

The  Story  of  Madison.    (In  Thwaites, 
R.  G.   (ed.),   The  University  of  Wis- 
consin, its  History  and  its  Alumni, 
1900,  pp.  3-41.) 
Reprinted,  Madison,  Wis.,  1900.    viii,  4ip. 

The  Story  of  the  Black  Hawk  War. 
(In  Wisconsin  Historical  Collections, 
xii,  1892,  pp.  217-265.) 

Reprinted,  Madison,  Wis.,  1892.  5ip.  A 
reprint,  with  a  few  changes,  of  "The  Black 
Hawk  War,"  in  Magazine  of  Western 
History,  v,  1886-87,  PP-  32—45,  1 81-196. 
This  narrative  is  also  reprinted,  somewhat 
abridged,  in  Stories  of  the  Badger  State,  pp. 
134-145;  also  reprinted  as  chap,  iii,  "The 

[89] 


Reuben  Gold  Thwaites 

Black  Hawk  War,"  in  How  George  Rogers 
Clark  Won  the  Northwest. 

The    Story    of    Wisconsin.      Boston 
[1890],    389P.     (The    Story    of    the 
States,  ed.  by  Elbridge  S.  Brooks.) 
Revised     and     enlarged.       Boston     [1899], 
4°7P- 

The  Study  of  Local  History  in  the 
Wisconsin  Schools.  (In  Wisconsin 
Journal  of  Education,  xviii,  1888, 
pp.  465-476.) 

Suggestions  to  Local  Historical  Soci- 
eties, Relative  to  Work  in  Prepara- 
tion for  County  Semi-centennial  Ob- 
servances (May  28,  1898).  (In  Wis- 
consin Historical  Society  Bulletin 
of  Information,  no.  2,  pt.  3,  pp.  11- 

is-) 

Enlarged,  with  title:  "Suggestions  for  the 
Organization  and  Work  of  Local  Historical 
Societies  in  Wisconsin."  Madison,  Wis., 
June,  1910.  7p.  (Wisconsin  Historical 
Society  Bulletin  of  Information,  no.  54.) 

Suggestive  Outlines  for  the  Study  of 
Wisconsin  History.     Madison,  Wis., 

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November,  1899.  I3p.  (Wisconsin 
Historical  Society  Bulletin  of  Infor- 
mation, no.  10.) 

Ten  Years  of  American  Library  Prog- 
ress ...  (In  Library  Journal,  xxv, 
1900,  pp.  1-7.) 

The    Territorial    Census    for    1836. 

(In  Wisconsin  Historical  Collections, 

xiii,  1895,  pp.  247-270.) 

Reprinted  with  title:  "The  First  Census 
of  Wisconsin  Territory,  Taken  in  July, 
1836  ..."  Madison,  Wis.,  1895.  pp. 
247-270. 

Triennial  Catalogue  of  the   Portrait 
Gallery  of  the  State  Historical  Soci- 
ety of  Wisconsin.     Madison,   Wis., 
1889-92.     2V. 
Compiler  with  Daniel  Steele  Durrie. 

Typographical  Style-book  for  Anno- 
tation, for  the  Guidance  of  Writers, 
Printers,  and  Proof-readers  of  the 
Society's  Publications.  Madison, 
Wis.,  April  12,  1912.  up.  (Wis- 
consin Historical  Society  Bulletin 
of  Information,  no.  62.) 

[91] 


Reuben  Gold   Thwaites 

The  University  of  Wisconsin,  its 
History  and  its  Alumni,  with  His- 
torical and  Descriptive  Sketches  of 
Madison.  Madison,  Wis.,  1900.  xx, 
889P. 
Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

Village  Life  in  Old  England.  (In 
New  England  Magazine,  n.s.  vi,  1892, 
pp.  275-289.) 

Reprinted  from  chap,  vi,  "Village  Life," 
in  Our  Cycling  Tour  in  England. 

Wau-Bun  the  "Early  Day"  of  the 
Northwest,  by  Mrs.  John  H.  Kinzie. 
New  edition.    Chicago,  1901.    xxvii, 

45iP- 

Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

A  Western  Historical  Collector  [Ly- 
man Copeland  Draper].  (In  Na- 
tional Magazine,  xv,  1892,  pp.  478- 

487.) 

Republished,  with  some  changes,  from 
"Lyman  Copeland  Draper — a  Memoir," 
in  Wisconsin  Historical  Society  Proceedings, 
1 89 1,  pp.  74-95. 

[92] 


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William  Clark:  Soldier,  Explorer, 
Statesman.  (In  Missouri  Historical 
Society  Collections,  ii,    1900-06,   no. 

7,  pp.  1-24.) 

An  address  delivered  at  St.  Louis,  Septem- 
ber 22,  1906,  on  the  occasion  of  the  unveil- 
ing of  a  tablet  to  the  memory  of  Governor 
Clark.  Reprinted,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  1906. 
24P.  Reprinted,  in  Washington  Historical 
Quarterly,  i,  1906-07,  pp.  234-251. 

William  Freeman  Vilas.  (In  Chicago 
Tribune,  February  20,  1885.) 

Winnebago  County.  Printed  in 
broadsides  from  the  Oshkosh  Times, 
1877.    28p. 

Wisconsin  Historical  Collections,   xi- 
xx,  1888-1911. 
Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

Wisconsin       History       Commission. 
Original    Papers.      [Madison,    Wis.] 
1908-12.    7V. 
Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

Wisconsin  History  Commission  Re- 
prints.     [Madison,    Wis.]     1908-12. 

2V. 

Edited  by  R.  G.  Thwaites. 

[93] 


Reuben  Gold  Thwaites 

Wisconsin:  the  Americanization  of 
a  French  Settlement.  Boston,  1908. 
viii,  466p.  (American  Common- 
wealths; ed.  by  Horace  R.  Scudder.) 

Wisconsin's  Emblems  and  Sobriquet. 

(In     Wisconsin     Historical     Society 

Proceedings,  1907,  pp.  289-305.) 

Reprinted,  Madison,  Wis.,  January,  1908. 
pp.  289-305.  (Wisconsin  Historical  Society 
Bulletin  of  Information,  no.  40.) 

The  Work  of  the  Wisconsin  Histori- 
cal Society.  (In  Annals  of  Iowa,  3d 
series,  i,  1893-95,  pp.  258-265.) 

Republished,  with  some  changes,  from 
"The  State  Historical  Society  of  Wiscon- 
sin," in  Columbian  History  of  Education  in 
Wisconsin;    ed.    by   J.    W.    Stearns,    1893, 

PP-  395-405- 


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